Typewriter



Aug. 5 1924.

F. R. FREDERICK TYPEWRITER Filed Dec. 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 5 1924.

F. R. FREDERICK TYPEWRITER Filed Dec. 13. 1933 5 Sheets Sheet 2 Aug. 5 1924.

F. R. FREDERIC TYPEWRITER Filed Dec. 13 1922 5 Sheegts-Sheet Lib Aug. 5. E924.

I F. R. FREDERICK TYPEWRITER Filed Dec. 13, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 R gwuamtoz fl him i wda/l CA5 E F. R. FREDERICK TYPEWRITER Fil ed Dec.

15, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 heed that the type head oil's Bil n ncium one some s, ices. semi in. scores.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, FRITZ R. FREDERICK, a citizen of the United Statesgjnd resident or New York city, in the county of New York and State ott New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to typewriters. its object is to produce, st low manufacturing cost, a very compact and quite silently o erzible typewriting machine of either 'lig it or heavy weight, having, by preference, e. platen roll of large dismeter. and,'by preference, n standard, four-bank key-board comprising tortytwo impression key levers with associeted type heads having two printing characters each, the machine being provided with single cese shifting mechanism having, by preference, two shitt keys. A particular object of the invention is to make it typewriter oi" low dimension from base to top and to construct thetyping units, each comprising at type head, an impression key lever and intermediate operating connec tions, in suchwise that the outermost imposssion hey levers, in particular, will have con puratively little lateral deflection in the course of their lengths and thereby secure o satisfactory and efficient working connec tion between each type head and its impression key lever, whereby there is obviated that blurring by the imprinting characters on the outermost type heads which is opt to occur when the lateral deflection of theirnpression key levers adjacent their several connections with an sssociatedtype head is excessive.

@ther obiectsci. the invention are to reduce the cost of mammal assemblage of the machine parts; so to construct said intermediate operating connections between each impression lrey lever and its associated type Wlll be caused to print by compression as distinguished from percussion, being movedto and from impression by toggle link connections which preierably, but not necessarily, are prevented fromdeud centering at the time of impression, whereby the use of special adjusting devices for each typing unit to vary the distance between a front. toggle link pivot and the impression point on the. platen may be eliminated. lin the present embodiment of i the invention, the front toggle links have a common stationery pivot rod, and the pro length. cit-each front and back if it is desired to em impression or such result;

- ries, of type metal rectangular vention of the dead centerin r is obtained merely by dimensioning the homework or the machine so that the distance between the impression point and the stationary pivot rod of the front toggle links is less than the toggle link end therewith connected type heed when the some are in alinenient with the toggle links in deed centering osition. Nevertheless,

body the resent invention in a machine having the coed centering toggle link construction of the prior art, then the framework may be made enough longer to permit the dead centering" at the time of if desired, may be eccomplishedin other and well known weys. Another object of the invention is to or range, in a four-bank key-board machine having the impression key tops in four perellel lines, an under and. an upper tier, or seheeds, twenty-one type heads being mounteble in the under tier and twenty-one type heads in the upper tier. By this arrangement the large number of type heads have a very compact lateral grouping and although the toggle link members of t ll) said operating connections are contrectible end distensible, yet, in accordance with one of the objects of this invention, the toggle links associated with the under series of type heads project upwardly and the toggle links associated with the upper series of type heads project downwardly, whereby. vertical compactness is obtained.

Another object of the invention is to construct the machine with many of the operotinig parts as close to itsbesc es mechani cal conditions permit. r

So for $15 practicable, all the parts of the machine are made of die-formed sheet metal, and when hereinafter partsere referred to es being fixed, it is to be understood that they are fixed either by welding, brazing, screwing, riveting or in some other etticient mechanical. means.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof and illustrating the principle of the invention in the best mode now known to me of applying that principle,

Fig. 1 is a partial sectional elevation from the front to the back of the open top sheet sponding to line 1--'1 of Fig 10,..looking towards the left hendoi the machine and. showing one ottwo innglc case sh1tt levers box trains in a line corretic - riage comprising a platen roll.

F 1g. 2 1s a central sectional elevationpf the machine at a line corresponding to line 2-2 of Fig. 10 and shows the general con struction and operating relations of two tiers of type heads each provided with two printing 0 aracters.

Fig. 3 is aperspective view of the thin sheet metal cover, and indicates the working position of one of two transversely alined ink ribbon spools and of two spool post sleeves carried by the cover.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partially broken away for greater clearness, of the inintermediate thin sheet metalassembly bracket having transverse arced under and upper'front toggle link pivot rods and guide combs for members of the operating connections between the impression key levers and type heads, and also showing an upwardly and rearwardly inclined, approximately triah ular, integral supporting plate for the an er type heads. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the bottom blpen top box frame of the machine, also of t in sheet metal.

F ig. 6 is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 7 of the guide combs carried by the assembly bracket.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the sheet metal, vibratable universal bar and dogcarrying plate.

Fig. 9 is a top plan view partly in horizontal section at line 9--9 of Fig. 6 of the right hand portion of the machine with the paper carriage broken away; and showing two of the upper type heads their respec tive impression key levers and operating connections in positions of rest; and diagrammatically indicating some of the impression key levers, other type heads and operating connections. The view is complementary to Fig. 3 and shows a portion of the cover in place. I i

Fig. 10 is a top plan view partly in horizontal section at line 99 of 6 of the left hand portion of the machine with the cover, paper carriage and upper tier of type heads and their connections removed, and shows diagrammatically the arcuate mounting of the type heads and the varying configurations of their respectiveijiinpiessiOn key levers terminating at thepi font of the machine in a four bank key-board.

Fig.1]. is a detached view of the left hand end portion of -theplaten roll and its car.- rier broken off and also shows adjustable marginal stop means. j' l Fig. 12 is a plan view showing the ink ribbon spool rotating tin'clianism' in detail.

F ig.13:is a partialfr ielevation 'of the r ar comb guide, with ttfzn'iiniversal spring is a partial front elevation of one s'oavss supporting shelf in place and is partially in transverse vertical section at line 13-43 of Fig. 10. I

Fig. 14 is an under plan view of the rear end portion of the universal bar and dogcarrying plate and shows the under rigid dog in working relation to an escapement wheel tooth.

Fig. 15 is an elevational detail of the ink ribbon spool rotating mechanism.

In the drawings, the box frame (Fig. 5) has a fiat bottom 1, a front side 2 which is vertically slotted from its upper edge down- Wardly at 2 to form guide slots for actuating levers projecting forwardly through the slots and laterally guided by the side walls of the slots. The box corners are fixed together to stiflie'n the box frame, the base of which may be cut out to a considerable extent. if so desired, to reduce its weight. The box ends 3 and 4 at their rear end portions have upwardly slanting edges :22 their upper edges being downwardly recessed at 5 to permit endwise projection of the platen roll carrier.

- Rea'1*warclly of these recesses the box ends have upstanding, transversely opposed portions 6 the upper ends of which are formed with journal bearings 6 The rear side of the boxis indicated by 7. I

In the journal bearings 6 the ends or" a transverse case shift rocker shaft 8 are mounted forwardly of but adjacent the rear side of the box (Figs. 9, 10 and 2). This rocker shaft is provided. near each end portion and as frequently thereinbetween as desired. with fixed short, horizontal, for wardly projecting brackets 9, each having at its front end portion an upstanding post 10 on which an anti-friction roll 11- is horizontally mounted. The back and front peripheral surfaces of such transverse row of anti-friction rolls are respectively alined.

At each end portion. adjacent an end wall of the box frame, the rocker shaft 8 is provided with a fixed, dependent, L-shaped rocker arm, the vertical portion of which is indicated by 12 and the forwardly right angular extension of which is indicated by 13.

The under edges of the extensions 13 are spaced apart from but are adjacent the box frame base.

Between their ends the upper edges of the extensions 13 have angular recesses 14 in transverse alinement one with another.

Such recesses have fixed to their divergent walls a transverse carriage rail which is lengthwise troughed. It has a bottom 15, a back wall 16 and front wall lugs 17, the wail 16 and the lugs 17 being parallel and at right angles to the bottom. The bottom and rear walls are fixed to the extensions 13 with the back wall slanting upwardly and rearwardly and the wall 15 slanting up wardly and forwardly and the front wall lugs 17 slanting upwardly and rearwardly.

Ill

Ell

' apart but adjacent the till A series out anti-friction halls 18 is mounted in the rear, angular portion or" the troughed rail with their front peripheral surfaces in aline hent and spacedly apart from the front wall lugs 17.

The front end of each rocker arm extension 13 (Fig. 1) is provided with an in- Wardly projecting horizontal pin 19 which is received in the space between the upper and under fork arms '20 at the rearward end of a ease shift lever 21 which, forwardly of its rear end and between its ends, is pivoted at 22 above the box. frame base to a short upstanding bracket 23, the foot 24 of which is fixed to the base; the lever extending ad jacent the box lreme base forwardly through a guide slot 2*- in the front side of the box frame.

As shown, there are two of these case shi'l't levers, one at he righthand corner or" the key-board and the other at its left hand corner, the Key top of each of these levers being lettered Case shift. The carriage rail 1s movable for case shifting in the are of acirclethe center of which is the axis of the case'shi'ft rocker shaft 8, shown tubular.

The reels engaging pinion and escapement Wheel are located between horizontal extensions l3 and reerwerdly of the carriage rail which ties the-connections l3 together and also braces them apart. A vertical post fixed to the base (Fig, 2) carries the horrzontal escapement wheel 26speced slightly box frame base, the reel; engaging pinion 27, revoluhle with the cscapenient Wheel being carried by the up per portion of the post.

Spacedslightly above box frame base,

but adjacent the a universal bar ant dog carrying frame plate 28 having between its ends transversely opposed upstanding; cars 29 is pivoted in fiatwise opposition to the box frame base on a transverse shaft 30, the ends of which are journalecl in transversely opposed upstanding brackets 81 fixed to the l-base. A quick-acting, coiled spring 32 en- 'closes the shaft and has one end 33 anchored in the frame; its other endencircling the shaft and being anchored to a bracket at M.

'The pivoted frame flatwise vibratable against the resistance of the spring.

The straioht front edee of the frame slate b a e 28 1S transversely termed into an upstanding rih which forms the universal bar 32.

l}; of the pivot rod, the frame Rearward plate 28 is narrowed into a tongue 28 which extends rearsvardlv towards the front periphery ofthe esoepen'ient Wheel. This tongue is provided with an upper dog 35 that is pivoted at 36 to the upper surface of the tongue 288which is vihratahle in fiatwise opposition to the base adjecentlv the same. A. wiper cam 37 is provided for the dog 35 and is held up to its Wei by a coiled. spring 38, one end of which is .izssd to the wiper the platen carrier ol the carriage rail and i'owvards of the pinion (Figs. 2 and 6) by the ninler ends of 11 pair of upstanding arms 42 each of which is pivoted at i?) to an end lug of the platen roll carrier. Both arms l2 extend upwardly to form carriage release levers ll one at one end and the other at the other end oi the platen roll carrier, the two lorw aadly projecting parallel end lugs of which are indlcated by l?) and the coi'icavo-conven lengthwise extending back or which is indicated by i i The upper front marginal portionsli" of the transverse back 46 which forms a portion of the paper guard is vertical and liat and is turned horizontally rcartverds at l8 and then dowmvardly at ill, the wall portions el'? and so being parallel and chosensioned to make a sliding lit on the anti-friction rollers ll carried from the carriage shift roclren shalt 8.

'lhe Wall portions 41'; 4S and 4) term a trai'isversely, ex ending truss resistant to type head pressures.

The under transverse marginal portion of the hack is formed into an inverted lfshaped trough 50, the under walls or which bear on the antidiriction balls carried by the trougrhed carriage roll, the front, down.-

wardly and forwardly inclined wall 50 sliding fit between forward peripheries ol' the anti-friction balls and the npvvardlv and rearivardly inclined front trough wail lugs 13' of the carrh rail \vltiich has closed ends to keep the antnfriction balls in place.

The inverted h'shapecl trough Wall 50 of 1s Winn-eh the platen carrier may at llllfii end of the machine 'niovc int-o cnd'wise projcction.

By the overlapping of the rail lugs 17 or the rail ant roll trough Wall is prevented from vertical displacement and he carrier rides on the anti-ct]? :rion balls v v l or v ai d conga.

l or the platen made Without ends,-

50 the plat-en roll carrier transversely of the. machine. its upper niarginal portion being sumiiorted by the trout peripl'ieries oi the anti-lriction rollers 11.

The platen roll P has its trunnions 5i iournaled in the forwardly projecting end lugs 45.

The carriage release levers ll are each normally held forwards above its pivot 43 by e coiled spring: ll? the front end o't Whichis feed 52 to a h: 5 end the rearprojecting from a horizontal inwardl exmentioned below.

tending bracket 57 carried by the dependent member 12 of the left hand ra-il carrying rocker arm. The carriage spring drum thus has a rockable movement during case shift, ing movements and is carried by the case shifting mechanism rearwardly of the path of the platen roll and is located favorably to the desired compact structure of the machine.

Forwardly of the front ends of the rocker arm extensions 13 the box frame is provided with a fixed, transversely extending, upstanding rear comb guide 58 having midway between its ends a forwardly and downwardly slanting lug 59 at its upper edge.

The transverse, horizontal foot-forming web 60 of this comb guide is fixed to the box frame base, and its under margin, between its ends, is recessed at 58 (Fig. 13)

and the upper edge margin of the comb guide, above the recess, is vertically slotted at 61 to form a series of guide slots for the rear end of each impression key lever and also for the rear end of each of the two side bar levers of the spacing key frame Each end of the comb guide is also vertically slotted at 21 for passage therethrough of each of the shift key levers.

The recess 58 is horizontally spanned by a horizontal, forwardly projecting shelf 62 having a vertical back web 62, the ends of which are fixed to the comb guide 58, the. upper edge of the web being spaced below the under ends of the guide slots 61 and the under side of the. shelf being spaced above the under foot-forming web 60 and the box frame base 1 to permit free passage therethrough and vertical movement of the dog carrying end of the universal bar and dog carrying frame 28. I

On the shelf 62 there is fixed the fiat bottom web 63 of a transverse-universal spring provided with a series of upwardly and rearwardly curved spring teeth 63, the free end of each of'whichbears against the under edge of each impression key lever and of each side arm lever of said spacing key structure:

The spacing key levers are indicated by 64 (Figs. 9 and 10) and are parallel one to another and form the side bars of a U- shaped frame, the front transverse portion 65 of which extends along the front of the inserts key-board and has between its ends a transversely extendin horizontal lip forming the spacing key I The upper edge of the end portion of each impression key lever and of each side bar lever 64: is recessed as suiliciently indicated at 65 (Fig. 2) to form a'bearing for a pivot that is formed by the upper end wall of a vertical guide slot 61. The ends of said levers pass rearwardly through the guide slots and forwardly of the comb guide 58; the under edge of each lever is pressed upwardly by the free end of a spring tooth 63 whereby each recessed bearing is kept in. working engagement with a pivot forming wall 61. This universal lever retaining spring is a feature of the economic assem-- blage of the machine.

The impression key levers 66 and 67 preferably alternate. Each impression key lever 66 (Fig. 2) adjacent but inwardly of the front wall of the box frame has an up standing link pivoted to it at 66 and is operatively connected with an upper endwise movable but downwardly and rearwardly inclined type bar 66 which, at its rear end, is provided with a type head 66 having. two printing characters.

Each impression key lever 67 has pivotally connected to it at 67 an upstanding link and is operatively connected with an under, upwardly and rearwardly inclined type bar 67 provided at its'rear end with a type head 67 having two printing charm) actors. I

The impression key levers extend from, their pivoted rear ends forwardly in parallelism one to another, as indicated diagrammatically by 68 in Fig. 10, these parallel portions severally merging into outwardly and forwardly slanted portions 68"' which are also parallel one to another and spaced apart, and are most pronounced in the impression keys at the right and left hand ends of the machine, the degree of inclination varyim according to the distance of the impression key lever from the middle key lever of the assemblage. Each slanted or inclined portion 68* forwardly of the front wall of the box frame merges into a straight portion passing through a guide slot a these straight portions being parallel one to another. By locating the type bars in an under and upper series. the impression key levers, spaced laterally apart, are brought into such positions relatively to the type bars that each may have an efficient and substantially vertical direc-t mechanical connection with its type bar. The under edges of all the type bars bear normally on the universal bar 32.

The type bars 66 and 67; preferably alterthe under edge being above the under edge of the t pe head end 98.

The tbrward portion of each under type bar 67* has a reentrant, lengthwise extending slot 99 whereby the forward end of the bar is forked; the under fork arm being indicated by 100 and the upper fork arm by 101.

Each upper type head 66 has a rearwardly and upwardly inclined bar 66* the forward end portion of which has a reentrant, lengthwise extending slot 99 whereby the forward ends of the upper type bars are also forked and the fork arms of which are indicated by 100 and 1161.

Referring to Fig. 1, the intermediate guide comb structures 9 1 and 95 are practically reversible identical structures. As shown in Fig. 7, in connection with the upper uide comb structure (see also Fig. 2) the vertical comb guides are formed with two guide openings 102 and 1.03 for each type bar, the guide opening 102 being foursided for reception of either of the two cross-sectionally similar it'ork arms 99 or 99 and the guide opening 103 having mar- I ginal slots for reception of a margin of: the wider fork arm adjacent a fork space. As

seen in Fig. 2, the upper guide comb 94 supports the forked forward portions of the upper type bars 66 and the under guide comb supports the forward forked portions of the under type bars 67. The rearward portions of the upper type bars are supported by the upper guide comb 86 and by the upper portion of the intermediate guide comb 96 while the under type bars 67 have their forward portions supported by the under marginal portion of the intermediate guide com'b 96, by the upper marginal ortion of the guide comb 86 and by the sli ing contact of their under ends 98 on the plate 81.. The arrangement is such that the under and upper type bars considered in their vertical arrangement, converge towards the platen. They also, considered in plan arrangement, converge in the direction of the platen, being radially movable to and from impression.

Each under type bar 67" has pivoted to it between its ends at 104- an upwardly and forwardly extending rear toggle link 105 the upper forward end of which is pivoted at 106 to the upper end of an upstanding front tog le link 107 the under end portion.

of which is pivoted on the under pivot rod 87. Each under front toggle link 107 has a rearwardly extending projection 107 above and rearwardly of its pivotal connection to the pivot rod 87. And each pro-' jection 107 has pivoted to it at 108 the upper end of a dependent link 109"-which is pivoted to an impression lever 67 at 67". Consequentlybdepression of the front end of an impression lever 67 drives an under asagna type bar 67 upwardly, rear'wardly and radially to impression. Eachunder type bar 67 has a coiled return spring 110 connected to it at 111, the forward end 01 the return spring being attached to the comb plate 93 at 112. i

Each upper type bar 66 has pivoted to it between its ends at 1.13 adownwardly and forwardly extending rear toggle link 114, the under forward end of which is pivoted at 115 to the under end of a downwardly extending front toggle link 116, the upper portion of which is pivoted on the upper pivot rod 88, this front toggle link 116 having an end portion 117 projecting upwardly and" forwardly from' the pivot rod 88 and such extension 117 having a pivotal connection at 118 with a dependent link 119 which is pivotally connected to an impression key lever 66 at 66. Consequently, depression of a key lever 66 will move the n1id-sectional pivot joint 115 of the toggle links 116 and 114 upwardly with the i'tfilllil of sliding the upper type bar 66 downwardly and rearwardly to impression. Each upper type bar 66 has a return spring 120 connected to it at 121, the rear end of the return spring being fixed at 122 to the guide comb 89.

Each under printing character aon each under type head 67 and each under printing character a on each 66 is aimed at the impression point when the platen is in its lowermost position; and each upper printing character I) on each under type head 67 and each upper printing character b on each upper type head 66 is aimed at the impression point when the platen is case shifted position indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 2.

The type are endwisereciprocable with little friction, having easy sliding contact with the guiding and supporting surich they are faces of the comb guides b w laterally guided to and i hom impression, and at impression each type head is positively guided by a'fou'r-walled type head guide 123 upstanding from and fixed to the apical rearward end 81 of the assembly bracket, type head guide plate 81.

upper type head into its u or Ink ribbon spool sleeves 124 are transversely and upstandingly fixed in the frame plates orwings 74 projecting upwardly above and downwardly below such .wings "(Figs 9 and 15). The spool heads 125 are supported on the upper ends of the sleeves above the wings 74.

Spaced apart, upstanding, ventically slotted ink ribbon guides are fixed to the upturned margin 75 of the cover, oneguide being ateach side of the impression point. The ink ribbon R runs from one spool to the other. An endwise movable slide bar 127, 'Figs. 12 and 15, is mounted in the box frame ends 3 and 4.- between the vibratory check peivls.

reassess 1 universal her and dog-carryihg "rein-e plate 28 and the Wlfld'S (it-the cover. The slide her is provided betweei'i the box frame ends with spsced apart forwardly proiecting horizontal lugs 128 for severally engaging transversely spaced sport, npstending lest spring feed pa-Wls each having an outwardly projecting tooth from the npstending member 130 of the pawl which has at foot 131 fixed to s side margin of the pirate 28. Each box frame end can es en inwardly projecting horizontal spring pawl 132, the outward end of which is lined st 133 to a b frame end. Erich spring psvi'l 132 is provided towards its inward free end with a. forwardly projecting tooth 13 1 and. the free end or eac pawl 132 is hent'lorwerdly st 185. The rear edge of: the slide bar 12? is provided on its rear ed e outwardly of a lug; 128 in the direction or a box frame end with a iearward projection 136 which is recessed forwardly at .137. For each ink ribhon spool there is provided a ratchet Wheel 138 that is provided-With peripheralteeth 139 which point; viewing the ratchet Wheels in top plan view, in the clockwise direction. Each ratchet wheel 138 is fixed on the underend of a vertical stud 1 which posses up Wardly through a sleeve 12 1 and has the ink ribbon spool body fixed to it in the well known way. The spring pawls 13E; ere The members 130. are sp ing feed perils. v

Noting that the ink ribbon spool ratchet "Wheels 138 here their teeth pointing in the clockwise direction when viewed in top plan and that the piste 28 carries the teed pswls 130 forwardly of its shaft 30 the-operation of the ink ribbon actuating mechanism is as follows: With the slide 127 adjusted in its left hand position, as indicated, then the right hand lug; 128 is in position to hold the right hand feed pawl 130 out of contact with the right hand ratchet wheel. The right hand log 128 engages the right hand side of the right hand pawl 130 end the left hand lug 128 engages the left hand.

side of the left hand. pawl 130. The left hand lug 128 will permit the left hand pawl 130 to spring to the left and push itstooth 129 into feeding contact with a tooth of the left bend ratchet Wheel; npstrokes of the left hand .teed pawl antometicall'y push on the teeth or the left hand teed pawl ratchet Wheel with the result of winding up the ribbon on the left hand spool automatically. To prevent retrograde movement of either of the spools the spring check pawls 132 are provided with the teeth 13% which engage the teeth 139 on the ratchet Wheels. The end bends 135 on the check pewls 132 are alternate- 1y engaged by the lugs 136 on the slide her 152-7. its the position of the slide 127 permits feeding of the left hsnd spool, the

The

left hand lug 136 permits the left hand 'checlt pawl 132M) engege the lettt hand ratchet Wheel and hold it against retrograde movement. At the same time, the right hand lug 136 of the slide bar will cause the right hand check pawl 132 to be disengaged from. the right hand ratchet Wheel so as to permit -free rotation of the right hand spool 125.

in order to hold the slide 127 in either its left or right hand position, the lugs 136 are severally providedivith the recess 137 into which the bent ends 135 of the check 132 automatically seet themselves alternetelv, depending on the endwise adjustrnent or the slide 127.

For Winding the ink ribbon rrom the left hand spool on to the right hand spool, the slide bar is shifted to the right and the machine then operated until the ribborn is Wound up, the "Wi ding up operation being; automatic. When the inlr rib hon hes been wound up on the right hand spool the siide bar 127 is edjustedto the left and automatically held in its ediusted position by the check pawls The platen roll carrier is shown with the usual pivoted detent rol rovicled corner 141 provided with a detent roll 1&2 coop-- crating with a toothed wheel 14% hired on e platen roll trunnion.

The front paper guides for the platen roll are shown at 1 13 and the gripes: feed I roll tor the carriage is indicate by 1 14.

The marginal stop device comprises at horizontally forwardly flanged oar 1 15 fixed to the upper Well 18 of the platen roll carrier back 'lhis flange 14:5 extends vertically upwards forming a Well F) which may be calibrated and the flange then slants upwardly and reerwardly at 1 16. forming a lengthwise Web which has e lengthwise extending slot 147 for reception of the shank of stud 1 1%. The stud 1 18 hes fined to it upwardly or its down 'I werdly andrearwaroly slenting beolr end a clamp not 1 19 "which bears egainst the hack side oi the slanted portion of the flange. A; flanged washer 150 has a flat ortion that bears on the forward surface of th slanted flange 1 16. It rnnrled not 151 is threaded on the upper projecting end of the post 14-8 for clamping the marginal stop structure in adjusted positionet any place along the length of the slot 14"? The platen shiiit rocker shaft 8 has at its right and left hand portions a fixed upwardly projecting stop 1552 rising upwardly, whatever he the position of the case shifttable paper carriage, into the path of the under haclrward end of a post 148. Two

of these marginal s'hilfi stops are shown (Figs. '5' and 11) one at the left hencl end and-the other at the'right hand end on? the pener carriage Various changes in mechanism may be made'without departure from the principle of this invention. An important'object ot this invention is to make a standard fourbank typewriting machine tit extremely low height and provided with a platen roll of as large a diameter as is customary in large sized typewriting machinrs forcflice and commercial uses. it will be observed from the drawings tha. the platen roll when in either its loweror upper case shifted-p0 sition has its impression porn; at a greater distance from each of the front toggle link pivot rods than is the combined length of each front toggle link and its connected rear toggle link and type bar from the front pivot rod to the faces of the printing characters; and hence whenever a type head is thrust to impression, the toggle links com prised in the operating connections between such type head and the associated impression key lever are prevented from deadcentering. The result is, in this preferable but not necessary construction. that a large number of parts are eliminated from the mechanical construction and the impression while compressively exerted" is constantly under the touch of the operator and is not mechanically limited as would be the case if toggle links were permitted to dead center at the time of impression. While the quick acting coiled spring 32 of the universal bar and dogcarrying frame serves to return a depressed impression key lever, in consequence of the upward movement ofthe universal bar when pressure is taken off the depressed key lever, the upward return movement of the depressed key lever etfecting a return to normal position of rest of the associated type head and toggle link connections, yet it is preferred, in order to quicken the return movement of the members of the typing unit to provide each endwise moving type bar with a return spring by connecting such return spring to the type bar and a stationary part of the machine.

The under pivot rod 67 and the upper pivot rod 88 severally constitute a pivotforming main support for'an actuating mechanism between a type bar and its associated impression key lever. These two pivot forming members 67 and 88 are spaced,

apart one at one side and the other atthe other side of a plane projectable through the axis of the platen in whatever position it may be relatively to the impression characters.

What ll claim is:

1. In a typewriting machine the com;- bination of a "frame; adetachable cover; and an intermediate assembly bracket; a case shifting mechanism; a spacing mechanism; a series of typing units provided with under type heads; a series oftyping units provided with upper type heads; for each weaves of said under type heads, type head guiding means comprised in said assembly bracket; for each of the upper type heads, type head guiding means ctimprised in the assembly bracket; transversely opposed ink ribbon spool carrying means secured to the cover; ink ribbon spool rotating means: and a paper carriage provided With an endwise movable platen.

2. In a typewriting' machine comprising a series of typing units some of which have under type heads and others of which have upper type heads, the combination or" an open top frame; a transverse case shift rocker shaft carried by said frame; a paper carriage operatively connected with said rocker shaft; a key controlled case shift mechanism operatively mounted adjacent the frame base; a horizontal escapement wheel and upstanding rack engaging pinion supported by said base rearwardly oi the paper carriage path; forwardly of the paper carriage path an upstanding comb guide vertically slotted for reception of the rear ends of impression key levers; a shift key lever and a spacing key level; the front wall of the frame being a vertically slotted comb guide for forward projection through the slots of such key levers; and a vibratable universal bar and doc; carrying frame pivoted closely adjacent the frame base, between the base and the impression key levers.

3. In a typewritmg machine, the combination of a paper carriage with a series of typing units each comprising a pair of toggle links, and some of which units comprise an under series of type heads having a plurality of printing characters and others of which comprise an upper series of type heads having a plurality of printing characters; bodily immovable mechanism for guiding the under series of type heads to and from impression in upwardly and rearwardly inclined paths, and bodily immovable means for guiding the upper type heads to and from impression in downwardly and rearwardly inclined paths; each pair oftoggle links associated with an under type head comprising an upstandable, front toggle link piv'oted on a stationary pivot and having a rearward projection: said pivot; a link pivotally connected at its upper end with said projection and pivotally connectedat its under end with an impression key lever; and such impression key lever; and each pair of toggle links associated with an upper type head comprising a dependent, front toggle link pivoted on a stationary pivot and having a forward projection; said pivot; a link theuppcr end of which is pivotally connected to said forward projection of a dependent toggle link and the under end of which is pivotally connected to an impression key aeoavaa front toggle links being mounted with their respective toggle link carrying end portions opposable one to another transversely of the machine.

4:. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a paper carriage with a series of typing units, some of which comprise an under series of type heads having a pluralit i of printing characters and others of w iich comprise an upper series of type heads hav:

ing a plurality of printing characters;

mechanism for guiding thennder 'seriesoi type heads to and from impression in upwardly and rearwardly inclined paths, and

means for guiding the upper type heads to and from impression in downwardly and rearwardly inclined paths; each typing unit comprising a type head, a rear toggle link,

a front toggle link and a pivoted link connecting the front toggle link with an impression key lever; the toggle links for the uniii) der type heads projecting upwardly and the toggle links for the upper type heads projecting downwardly when the type heads are in position of rest.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a .case shiftable paper -carriage comprising a platen roll; a single, case shift mechanism; a series of under typing units severally comprising an impression key lover; a type head having two printing characters and intermediate operating connections comprising a pair of upstanding toggle links; stationary means for guiding each under type head to and from impression; a series of upper typing units severally comprising an impression key lever, a type head having two printing characters and a pair of dependent to gle links; and stationary means for gui ing each upper type head to and from impression; an open top frame in which the case shifting-mechanism ismounted; an assembly bracket provided with said guides and carrying the type heads and said operating connections, the

assembly bracket being fixed in place.

(5. In a typewritin machine, the combination of a case shiftable paper carriage comprising a platen roll; a single, case shift mechanism; a series of under typing units severally comprising an impression key leverya. type head having two printing characters and intermediate operating connections comprising a pair of upstanding toggle links; stationary means for guiding each under type head to and from impression; a series of upper typing units severally comprising an impression key lever, a type head having two prin ing characters and a pair of dependent toggle links; and stationary nwans for guiding each upper type head to and from impression; an open top box frame in which the case shifting mechanism is mounted; an assembly bracket provided with said guides and carrying the type heads and said operating connections, the assembly bracket being fixed in place; and a cover constructed to cover the assembly bracket and a portion oi the box frame, the

cover having rearwardly convergent upstanding sides.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen carrier comprising a platen and a series of typing units some of which comprise an under series of type heads having a plurality of printing characters and others of which comprise an upper series of type heads having a plurality of characters; bodir immovable mechanism for guiding-the un er series of type heads to and from impression in upwardly and rearwardl inclined paths; bodily immovable means for guiding the upper type heads to and from impression in downwardly and rearwardl inclined paths; each of the under tyipe eads being operatively connected with a pair of toggle links comprising a front, upstanding member and a stationary pivot therefor; and each of the upper type heads being operatively connected with a pair of toggle links each comprising a front togglelink and a stationary pivot therefor; a case shiftable paper carriage; an impres sion key lever operatively connected with each front toggle link; said stationary pivots being spaced apart in the vertical direction, the toggle link carrying ends of the front toggle link for an under type head being upstanding, the toggle link carrying end for an upper type head being dependent, said toggle link carrying ends of the upstanding and dependent toggle links being laterally opposable, the dependent portion of the dependent toggle link having its under end pivotally connected to an upwardly and rearwardl extending rear toggle link pivoted to an upper type head. and the up per end of the upstanding front toggle link being pivotally connected with a downwardly and rearwardly extending, rear toggle link pivotally connected to an under type head and said rearward toggle links being in crossewise lateral relation one to another.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an under series of upwardly and rearwardly inclined type head bars having two printing characters each; an upper series of downwardly and rearwardly inclined type head bars having two printing characters each; bodily immovable type head guiding means fixedly connected to the machine frame, laterally convergent in the rearward direction and spaced apart from the bottom and also from the sides of the frame; and a machine Frame having a bottom and upstanding side portions For each type head baran impression key lever and operating connections comprising tog 'lc links between the bar and lever; a single case shift paper carriage; and a sing e case shift mechanism; all the type bars being reciprocable in paths radial to impression and the impression key levers having key tops arranged in four parallel rows at the key-board.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an under series of upwardly and nation of an under series of upwardly and standing bracket rearwardly inclined type head bar having two printing characters each; an upper series of downwardly and rearwardly inclined type head bars having two printing characters each for each type head bar an impression key lever and operating connections comprising toggle links between the bar and lever; a single case shift paper carrings; and a single case shift mechanism; all the type bars being reciprocable in paths radial to impression and the impression key levers having key tops parallel rows at the key-board; the paper carriage being bodily swingable for case shifting and comprising'a carriage rail lo cated closely. adjacent the machine frame base; the frame base being provided with upstanding side portions; the bodily swinga being pivotally supportable paper carria' ed at the rear of t 1e machine above the base;

and secured to the frame base betweenthe" upstanding side portions thereof, an up comprising fixed guides for said type head bars and being spaced apart from the upstanding side portions of thebase and also spaced above the base.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combirearwardly inclined type head bars having two printing characters each; an upper series of downwardlyiand' rearwardly inclined type head bars having two printing characters each for each type head bar an impression key lever and operating connections comprising toggle links between the bar and lever; a single case shift paper car riage; and a single case shift mechanism; all the type bars being reci'procable in paths radial to impression and the impression key levers having key tops arranged in four parallel rows at the keyboard; the toggle links for the upper type bars extending downwardly and tho toggle links for the under type bars extending upwardly; a machine frame; a therewith fixedly vnnnected, upstanding bracket comprising bodily immovable, type head bar supporting and guiding means, said ln'ackct bring spaced apart from illGlJOhtODl of the frame and rearwardly spaced apart from the front of the frame to provide a space forwardly of the bracket for type head actuating members.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of endwise'slidable type bars seven ally connected with an impression key lever; a platen; framework for. supporting the arranged in four ecting upwardly neba'me type bars, levers and platen and a base frame of a cover carrying a left hand and a right hand ink ribbon spool, each provided with a ratchet wheel; a vibrating universal bar and dog-carrying frame provided with an automatically operable feed pawl for each ratchet wheel; means for rendering one of the feed pawls idle while the other is operative; means for holding the operating pawl in and'the idle pawl out of feeding position; and means for; reversing the working positions of the feed pawls and to permit the ink ribbon wound on one spool to be rewound on the other spool by operation of the machine; and carried by the cover a pair of transverse ink ribbon guides .for supporting a portion of an ink ribbon in front of the platen for impression.

12. A typewriting machine comprising in combination an open top frame; an assembly bracket and a cover having rearwardly convergent upstanding sides and a downwardly and rearwardly slanting top portion terminating forwardly of a paper carriage comprising a platen; such paper carriage; operating mechanism therefor including sin lecase shifting means having anaccessibfi case shift key; a series of upper type heads comprising two printing characters; a series ofunder type heads comprising two printing characte s; for each type head an impression key 1 ver and between it and its connected type head, compression printing type head operating means.

13. A typewriting machine comprising in combination an open top frame; an assembly bracket and a coverhaving rearwardly convergent upstanding sides and a downwardly and rearwardly'slanting top portion terminating forwardly-of a paper carriage comprising a platen; such paper carriage; operating mechanism therefor including case shifting means having an accessible case heads comshift key a series of upper type prising characters; for each type head an impression key leveriand between it and its-connected type head, compression printing type head operating'means; such operating means sevorally comprising a pair of toggle links, the toggle links for-the under'type heads proand the toggle links for the upper type heads extending downwardly; and the accessible ends of the impression key levers being arranged in four parallel rows at the keyboard.

14. In a typewriting machine comprising typewriting instrumentalities, the combinatron of an open top frame having afront vertically slotted guide comb side; at its rearward portion a case shift rocker shaft; dependent carriage rail carrying means for holding the carriage rail adjacent the frame bottom; a carriage rail secured on said two printing characters; a series of under type heads comprising two printing inosgres means; aujecent the bottom a horizontal escapenient wheel and a therewith revoluble upstanding reek-engaging pinion; such rack "(3&11'18G by too paper carriage; a vibratory tion of an open top frame having a front vertically slotted guide comb side; at its rearward portion a case shift rocker shaft; dependent carriage rail carrying means for holding the carriage rail adjacent the frame bottom; a carriage rail secured on said means; adjacent t is bottom a horizontal escopement Wheel and a. therewith revoluble upstanding racloengaging pinion; such rack carried by the paper carriage; a vibratory universal bar and dog carrying means mounted adjacent the bottom; an impression lever, rear guide comb plate, upstanding from the bottom; and impression key pivoting means adjacent the bottom; the rear guide comb plate and impression key pivoting means beinglocated forwardly of the paper carriage rail.

1%. "In a typewriting machine comprising typew .ing instrumcntalities, the combination or an'open top frame having a front vertically slotted guide comb side, at its rearward portion a case shilt rocker shaft: dependent carriage rail carrying means for holding the carriage rail adjacent the frame bottom; .a carriage rail secured on said means; adjacent the bottom a horizontal escapement wheel and 'a. therewith reroluble upstanding rack-engaging pinion: such rack carried by the paper carriage: a vihratmy universal bar and dog carrying means mounted adjacent the bottom: an impression lever, rear guide comb plate. upstanding; From tl'ie bottoi'n; and impression key pivoting means adjacent the bottom; the rear guide comb plate and impression key pivoting, means being located forwardly of the paper carriage roll: and a paper carriage eudwise movable on the rail. the carriage comprising means for holding it and the rail in working positiouythe case shift rocker shaft comprising a plurality of forwardly projecting rocker arms severally provided with a bearing for u therewith contacting member of the paper carriage and the car z'iage being formed with a member in slidahlo contact with the hearings arried by said rocker arms.

17. in a typewriting' machine. the combination of a frame having a transverse ironh ve-rti *ally slottelh guide court); a. series of impression key levers severally mounted in one oi such slots and iulcrumed at its rearward end adjacent frame bottom: a

universal bar and escapement wheel (log carrying frame pivoted adjacent said bottom under the impression key levers; a transverse, horizontah quick return spring for said frame; means for supporting and guid- .ing to and from impression an upper series of type heads; means for supporting and guiding to and from the impression a under series oi type hezu .c: a bodily immovable bracket comprising said means: between each type head and its connected impression key lever con'iprcssiou printing operating connections forwardl of said bracket; and a paper carriage.

18. 111 a typewriting machine the combination with a case shittable paper carriage and case shifting mechanism o't'a series of upper eudwise movable type bars; a series of under endwise morahle type bars: an impression key lever for each oi the type bars and between each impression key lever and a type bar a toggle link operating mecha nism; a universal liar carrying frame; a quick acting horixontah transverse return spring therefor; and For each type bar a coiled return spring having one end attached to a member of a typing unit and its other end connected to a stationary part of the frame: said horizontal. transverse, return spring coope nting with each of the other springs for returning a depressed inipression key lever to position of rest, and such other return springsseverally maintaining all the typing uni s in position of rest with the exception of the typing unit. in operation; a bodily iimnovahle bracket containing type head supporting and gulch ing means: thcbracket being spaced above the bottom of the machine and the impression key levers having: their rear ends pivoted rearwardly oi' the front portion of the bracket and passing forwardly between the bracket and the universal bar carrying frame.

19. A liypewriting machine comprising in combination, a plurality of under type heads; a plurality of upper type heads; an

impression key lever for each type head;

between each type head and its connected impression key lever operating connections comprising a toggle link; the type heads severally having a plurality of printing characters and the'impression key levers being severally provided with a key top, and the key tops being arranged in four parallel rows; means for guiding the under type heads-to and from impression; and means for guiding the upper type heads toand from impression; the toggle links connected with the upper type heads projecting downwardly, and the toggle. links connected with the under type heads extending upwardly and being arranged to cause the mid-joints of the toggle links connected with the under type heads to be above the mid-joints of the under type-bars alternating toggle links connected with the uppertype heads, and the mid-joints of the toggle links connected with the upper type heads to be below the mid-joints of the toggle links connected with the under type heads, when the type heads are in normal position of rest.

20. In a typewriting nia'chine, the combination of a main frame; a stationary typebar carrying frame; a case-shiftable platen; a series of under endwise reciprocal typebars; a series of upper endwise reciprocal type-bars; and for each type-bar an impression key lever and operating connections between it and one of the type-bars. the type-bars being endwise movable in said carrying frame; each impression key lever, its associated type-bar and the operating connections between them forming a typing unit, and such typing units having the in the lateral direction with the .typing units having the upper type-bars, said type-bar carrying frame being spaced above the impression key levers and comprising front corner members fixed tothe frame base; said frame base; and for each typing unit an impressiori 'key lever located under said frame, pivoted rearwardly of the front end thereof and passing under and forwardly of said frame; and each typing unit; comprising a rearwardly extending to gle link pivoted to a type bar, the toggle lin for an unoer type bar extending rearwardly and upwardly and the toggle link for an under type bar ex tending downwardly and rearwardlv and such toggle links being in lateral, crosswise opposition whenthe typing units are at rest.

21. In a typewriting machine, the co1nbination of a stationary machine frame having a transversely extending, comb guide for forwardly projecting impression key levers; a type head guiding and supporting bracket fixed to said stationary frame; a case shiftable paper carriage comprising a platen; a single case shift mechanism; the in'ipression key levers being arranged with key tops in four banks; an upper series of type heads each having two printing characters; an under series of type heads each having two printing cl'laractcrs; opcratively connected With each type head an impression key lever; a link connecting such lever with the forward end of a front toggle link; saidtoggle link; and a rear toggle link pivoted to the rearward end of a front toggle link, the front end of which is pivoted lo the type head each such typing unit being constructed and operating to print by compres sion; means for maintaining each typin unit in a position of rest; means for return ing each typing unit to a position of rest following its impression movement; and vertically spaced apart, bodily immovable pivots for the front toggle links,such pivots pivots for the front toggle links,

mod-a able. paper carriage comprising a platen; a

single case shift mechanism; the impression key levers being arranged with key tops in four banks;

an upper series of type heads each having two printing characters; operatively connected with-each type head animpression key lever; a link connecting such leyer with the forward end of a front toggle link; said toggle link; and a rear toggle link pivoted to the rearward end of a front toggle link, the front end of which is pivoted to the type head, each 'such typing unit being constructed and operating to rint by com pression; means for maintaining each ty ing unit in a position of rest; means for re turning each typing unit to a position of rest following its impression movement; and vertically spaced apart, bodily immovable such pivots being located forwardly of the bracket; said frame comprising a thereto fixed rear, transversely upstandin which the rear ends of the impression key lev'ers are pivoted and which is formed with an opening for passage therethrough of a portion of a pivoted, universal bar and escapement dog carrier; said carrier pro ecting rearwardly into a space rearward of sa d rear comb guide and being in said space in cooperative connection with a carriage escapement mechanism; such escapement mechanism mounted in said space; and located in said space, a paper carriage, a track therefor, and a paper carriage actuating mechanism.

2". In a typewriting machine, the combination of a frame base having a front comb guide for key levers; a universal bar and dog carrying frame pivoted betweenits ends and provided with a transverse, co led return spring adjacent its pivots; and a series of typing units each comprising a rearwardly pivoted impression key lever bearlng on the universal bar forwardly of the pivot and a return spring for each the typing unit return springs being weaker than the return spring for the universal bar and dog carrying frame; each typing unit return spring serving to hold the members of the unit 1n rest position and against operating movement and the return spring for said frame serving mainly to return a unit to position of rest after impression, bothsprings cooperating in the latter movement; said dog and escapcment carrying frame comprising conib guide adjacent an escapement dog mechanism; a horizontal cscapementwheel and a therewith revoluble,

iii

upstanding pinion and a paper carriage operatively connected with the pinion.

24:. In a typewriting; machine, a combination with a, machine trains of a transverse series of dependent, pivoted, L-shaped reil carrying members, the under arms of which extend forwardly; a transverse rail fixed to said forwardly extending arms; a paper carriage mounted on the rail; a case shift key for shifting the rail; and a series of typing units, said rail being lengthwise troughed and carrying a series of anti-friction balls and the paper carriage comprising a member bearing on said balls and the railand the ball engaging member of the paper carriage being provided with relatively movable, terlocking members.

25. In a typewriting machine, the combination of an open top frame having a front transverse comb guide, a rearward transverse comb guide forwardly of a transverse paper carriage space; a series of typing units each comprising an unpressmn key lever mounted in the comb guides and pivotally connected with the frame; and 2t detachable cover having horizontal, rearward, side portions and therein between, forwardly extending, upstanding walls divergent in the forward. direction and a rearwardlv and l downwardly sloping top well; and m the paper carriage space, a paper carriage heving aplaten; the upstanding and top wall of the carrier permitting visibility of a line being )rinted.

26. in the combination set forth in claim 25, an ink ribbon spool fixture mounted in each horizontal side portion of the cover.

2?. ln the combination set forth in claim 25, the open top frame having upstanding sides which. with the front and rearward comb guides torni a space forwardly of the carriage space; the typing units being in part housed in said space and concealed by the cover; and the rear of the cover termihating transversely at the front side of the carriage space; a paper carriage, case shiftable rail located in the carriage space; a

case shifting hey lover; a universal bar and dog carrying frame pivoted in the enclosed space and havin its dog carrying end. prw jecting rearward ly into the carriage space; and in the latter space an escapement wheel and therewith operating pinion for the oer riage.

28, .111 the combination set forth in cleini 27, a paper carriage structure carrying a laterally, vi'bratable carriage spring casing.

- Signed {Ll New ,York city in the county of New York and State 015 New York this 11th day of December A. D. 1922.,

FRITZ R. FREDElt-lLGK. 

